What is Happiness? The Definition of Happiness in Science and Psychology
The question “what is happiness” might sound a little odd. We’ve all experienced happiness at one point or another in our lives – in fact, most people probably feel they don’t need to know the definition of happiness – but there’s more to happiness than a fleeting moment of contentment, positivity, or just “walking on air.”
Believe it or not, there’s a scientific explanation for happiness and there are loads of studies on the topic. Until quite recently, studies on happiness focused on the negative side of happiness, like the absence of happiness, dealing with stress, treating depression and mental health issues. Now, happiness studies have turned to look at the bright side and the question stands…
What is happiness? Is there a specific formula for lifelong happiness? Is there a quick fix to sadness or negative emotions?
In this article, we explore the meaning of happiness, the science of happiness, and how we can use this info to achieve a happier, healthier life. Read on!
First Things First… What is the Definition of Happiness?
Happiness is a cup of coffee… for some people (like me), sure!
There’s no “one size fits all” solution or definition of happiness. However, in her book The How of Happiness, positive psychology researcher Sonja Lyubomirsky described happiness as “the experience of joy, contentment, or positive well-being, combined with a sense that one’s life is good, meaningful, and worthwhile.”
Happiness, in a sense, is subjective. What gives your life purpose, what you’re passionate about, and what sparks happiness for you might be different to me. It’s all part of being human!
The real question is whether happiness comes from a series of fleeting moments – a sense of pride after finishing a project, a fun night out, laughing with friends – or does happiness go deeper than that? If you’re really, truly happy, shouldn’t you be happy all day, everyday?
The answer is a resounding no.
Recent research suggests focusing on “being happy all the time” is actually counterproductive and can cause more harm than good. In fact, it’s unreasonable – it’s not physically possible for you to be happy all the time!
Instead, happiness comes down to finding meaning, passion, and purpose in life. Think about it – if I asked what makes life worth living, what comes to mind? Is it happiness? Is it an all-round “good mood?”
It’s about doing what makes you happy – even if it’s just a decent mood and a good cup of coffee in the morning. Let’s jump into the science of it all.
The Science of Happiness: What is Happiness Psychology?
Remember those studies of happiness I mentioned earlier? They’ve come out of the positive psychology movement, where researchers focus on human thoughts, feelings, and behaviour, rather than focusing on repairing weakness and achieving mental health “normality.”
The Positive Psychology Institute described the study as “the scientific study of human flourishing, and an applied approach to optimal functioning. It has also been defined as the study of the strengths and virtues that enable individuals, communities, and organisations to thrive.”
To put it simply in the words of Doctor Christopher Peterson, positive psychology is the study of “what makes life worth living.” Experts in this field study:
- Positive experiences like happiness, joy, inspiration, and love
- Positive states and character traits like gratitude, resilience, and compassion
- Positive institutions and the application of positive principles within entire organisations
Their research has shown real “happiness” is a combination of how satisfied you are with your life (like how satisfied you are with your career, your relationships, your hobbies) and how good you feel on a day-to-day basis.
Happiness is not about fleeting moments of overwhelming joy, or feeling amazing every single day. It’s about creating balance and getting what you want through persistent effort – for example, creating a workout schedule, setting goals, and seeing results through ongoing effort and dedication. Making progress feels incredible and leads to more happiness down the line.
How to Become a Happier Human
While there’s no “quick fix” for negative feelings, there are a few things you can practice each and every day to help cultivate positive emotions and feelings of happiness.
Be Social.
Human beings are social animals, which is why forced isolation is driving so many of us up the walls. Yet, resilient and happy people have strong community and connection. They have a core group of people they can talk to and depend on. They also tend to have a wider community network, through activities like church or regular volunteering.
So get to reconnecting with friends or family, or start building new friendships by signing up to new activities and pursuits.
Find Your Purpose and Meaning in Life.
The founder of the positive psychology movement, Martin Seligman, discovered the happiest people are the ones who have discovered their strengths (like resilience and persistence) and virtues (like generosity and humanity). Your unique strengths can help you achieve your goals and achieve long lasting fulfilment.
One you’ve found your passion and can delve into your creative pursuits, make sure you find your state of flow. Ever feel like you need to get out of your head? A relaxing “state of flow” can be achieved when you immerse yourself in reaching a goal, challenging yourself with a new skill, or focusing on something you’re passionate about. Essentially, you will achieve more (including happiness) when you do the things you like to do.
Prioritise Healthy Habits for Mind, Body and Spirit.
Positive psychologists have discovered a link between spirituality and happiness. While a religion can provide social support, opportunities to make friends, and a sense of being part of something bigger, “spirituality” doesn’t necessarily mean you need to be religious. You could also take up meditation and mindfulness, find a passion or purpose, and let it give meaning to your life every day.
Cultivate kindness. Studies have shown that volunteering can boost your wellbeing, satisfaction, and even reduce symptoms of depression. However, you don’t necessarily have to volunteer to cultivate kindness. You could join a club and help organise events, or even reach out to a friend who isn’t doing so well. Random acts of kindness are just as good.
Get some exercise. You’ve heard it once, you’ve heard it twice, and now you’re going to hear it a third time – exercise is a serious mood booster! Exercise increases endorphins, dopamine, adrenaline, and endocannabinoid – all brain chemicals that make you feel naturally confident, capable, and relaxed. It can even reduce pain! Imagine how you’ll feel if you book in a workout every single day.
Keep a positive mindset. Practicing mindfulness, hope, and gratitude can trigger a big mood boost. Plus, studies have shown that people who cultivate a positive mood through emotional labor will feel positive feelings more genuinely i.e. put on a happy face and the feelings might follow!